Criminal gangs, with tacit approval from Russia, Iran, and North Korea, could attack UK’s critical national infrastructure, which could include public finances, schools, transportation systems, NHS, armed forces, and even central government, warned security consultant Martin Riley. He highlighted that ransomware attacks could inflict catastrophic damages and loss of lives; hence, investing in cybersecurity should be given utmost priority. Statistics from Bridewell reveal that 65% of essential sectors had their cyber defence budgets cut in 2022-23, emphasising the need for better resource allocation.

How Pro-Iran Hacktivist Networks Mobilize During Kinetic Conflict
The current conflict between the United States and Iran has become a case study in how asymmetric warfare and coalition building are reshaping the cyber


